In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve the net zero target by 2070, Niti Aayog's study report on 'Scenarios Towards Viksit Bharat and Net Zero: An Overview' has said that India will need investments totalling $22.7 trillion. To meet the cumulative investment need, it stated that India will require an average of $500 billion annually. In comparison, actual annual investment of around $135 billion in 2024, of which only $70-80 billion currently supports clean energy.  

It mentioned, of the total, around $8 trillion must be front-loaded by 2050, including nearly $5 trillion in the power sector, given the capital-intensive nature of most low-carbon technologies. The Net Zero Scenario reflects an ambitious pathway aligned with India's commitment to achieve net zero GHG emissions by 2070. According to it, with aligned reforms both within the country and externally, India could credibly mobilise around $16.2 trillion towards its net zero transition by 2070 through a structural expansion in the scale, depth and efficiency of available capital.  

On the domestic front, this entails deepening the corporate bond market, enhancing the financialization of household savings, and allowing institutional investors to venture into new areas, while safeguarding returns through diversified, high-quality corporate and green assets. On the external front, boosting FDI (foreign direct investment) and FPI (foreign portfolio investment), supported by credible transition roadmaps, a strong pipeline of bankable projects and deeper financial markets, would anchor sustained foreign capital inflows.